Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:
| Authors | Year | Study type | Study group | Observation period | Study location | Endpoints | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhao D et al. | 2021 | case-control study | women, children in utero, newborns | 2014 - 2016 | China | congenital heart diseases | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF, microw. oven/heating device, magnetic field, induction cooker, PC/TV monitor, low frequency, other domestic appliance, intermediate frequency, shielding/field deprivation |
| Zhou LY et al. | 2017 | cross-sectional study | women, children in utero | January 2000 - December 2013 | China | spontaneous abortion | mobile phone, mobile phone base station, mobile communications, microw. oven/heating device, induction cooker, electric blanket, residential, personal, also other exposures without EMF |
| Çeleğen K et al. | 2024 | case-control study | women, children, children in utero, 0–2 years | January 2021 - May 2022 | Turkey | congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Özen G et al. | 2023 | - | women, children in utero, newborns | 2019 - 2020 | Turkey | total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, levels of ischemia modified albumin, total thiol, native thiol, disulfide levels and disulfide/total thiol, disulfide/native thiol and native thiol/total thiol ratios in umblical cord blood | mobile communications, mobile phone, personal |
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