Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:
Authors | Year | Study type | Study group | Observation period | Study location | Endpoints | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kallen B et al. | 1982 | cohort study | women, children in utero, newborns | 1973 - 1978 | Sweden | perinatal death, serious malformation, short gestational duration, and low birth weight | microwaves, occupational, therapeutic/medical device |
Kanal E et al. | 1993 | - | women, children in utero, newborns | 1990 | USA | live birth, miscarriage, infertility, preterm delivery, gender of the offspring, and birth weight | RF field, magnetic field, static magnetic field, DC, MRI, occupational |
Karuserci OK et al. | 2019 | - | women, children in utero, newborns | 2017 - 2018 | Türkei | gestational age at birth, birth weight, birth length and head circumference | mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, W-LAN/WiFi, laptop/tablet, residential |
Kok RD et al. | 2004 | - | children, children in utero, newborns, 0–9 years | 1998 - 2000 | The Netherlands | birth weight, gestational age at birth, type of delivery, and arterial pH at birth, neurological evaluation (functioning of eyes and ears), gross and fine motor functioning, social development and communication | MRI |
Larsen AI | 1991 | case-control study | women, children in utero, newborns | 1978 - 1985 | Denmark | congenital malformations | RF field, occupational, therapeutic/medical device |
Larsen AI et al. | 1991 | cohort study | women, children in utero, newborns | 1978 - 1985 | Denmark | spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, stillbirth, infant death within one year | RF field, occupational, therapeutic/medical device |
Lerman Y et al. | 2001 | case-control study | women, children in utero, newborns | not stated | Israel | spontaneous abortion, congenital malformations, prematurity, and low birth weight | occupational, therapeutic/medical device |
Logue JN et al. | 1985 | survey | men, children in utero, newborns | not stated | USA | congenital anomalies: Down syndrome, clubfoot, cleft lip/palate, missing fingers or toes, heart defect, digestive difect, spina bifida, condition requiring special education or care, cerebral palsy, hearing disorder | RF field, microwaves, occupational, also other exposures without EMF, therapeutic/medical device |
Mahmoudabadi FS et al. | 2015 | case-control study | women, children in utero, 18–35 years | not stated | Iran | spontaneous abortion | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Mjoen G et al. | 2006 | cohort study | men, children in utero, newborns | 1976 - 1995 | Norway | birth defects, preterm delivery, low birth weight, male proportion and perinatal mortality | RF field, occupational |
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