Study overviews

Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:

Epidemiological studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on children

342 studies in total
  1. Leukemia
    136 studies
  2. Other health effects
    91 studies
  3. Pregnancy outcomes
    89 studies
  4. Brain/CNS tumor
    68 studies
  5. Other types of cancer
    32 studies
  6. Lymphoma
    21 studies
  7. Cancer (unspecified)
    19 studies

Other health effects

91 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    71 studies
  2. Low frequency
    32 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    one study

Radio frequency 71 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Kok RD et al. 2004 - children, children in utero, newborns, 0–9 years 1998 - 2000 The Netherlands birth weight, gestational age at birth, type of delivery, and arterial pH at birth, neurological evaluation (functioning of eyes and ears), gross and fine motor functioning, social development and communication static magnetic field, MRI
Clements H et al. 2000 - children in utero, newborns not stated UK childhood development (adaptive, fine motor, gross motor, speech and language, and personal-social); neurological examination MRI
Buchner K et al. 2011 - men, women, children, 2–68 years January 2004 - July 2005 Germany level of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, and phenylethylamine in urine mobile communications, mobile phone base station, GSM, residential
Carlberg M et al. 2016 - men, women, children, 0–80 years 1970 - 2013 Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Iceland thyroid cancer mobile phone, mobile communications, cordless phone, also other exposures without EMF
Sudan M et al. 2018 - children, children in utero, 4–6 years - Denmark, Spain, Korea cognitive function mobile communications, mobile phone
Zarei S et al. 2019 - women, children, children in utero, 3–7 years 2016 Iran speech problems mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, W-LAN/WiFi, cordless phone, power transmission line, PC/TV monitor, also other exposures without EMF
Çöl N et al. 2021 - women, children in utero, 0–5 years - Turkey bedtime resistance, nighttime waking, waking up crying, difficulties in falling asleep, and mean sleep duration at nighttime and day- time mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, microw. oven/heating device, W-LAN/WiFi, other domestic appliance, residential
Taziki Balajelini MH et al. 2022 - men, women, children - Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Spain und Brazil hearing impairment mobile communications, mobile phone
Cabré-Riera A et al. 2022 - children, 9–12 years not stated the Netherlands and Spain problems with initiating and maintaining sleep, excessive somnolence, sleep arousal problems, sleep quality, restfulness, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, RF, DECT, Radio/TV transmitter, W-LAN/WiFi, laptop/tablet
Mortazavi SMJ et al. 2018 - men, women, children, 11–79 years not stated Iran subjective symptoms (e.g., headache, vertigo, myalgia, palpitation, fatigue, tinnitus, concentration problem, attention problem, nervousness, back pain and toothache), sleep disturbances mobile communications, mobile phone base station, residential