Study overviews

Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:

Epidemiological studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on children

342 studies in total
  1. Leukemia
    136 studies
  2. Other health effects
    91 studies
  3. Pregnancy outcomes
    89 studies
  4. Brain/CNS tumor
    68 studies
  5. Other types of cancer
    32 studies
  6. Lymphoma
    21 studies
  7. Cancer (unspecified)
    19 studies

Other health effects

91 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    71 studies
  2. Low frequency
    32 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    one study

Radio frequency 71 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Calvente I et al. 2016 cohort study children, 9–11 years 2000 - 2002, follow-up 2011 - 2012 Spain neuropsychological functions (intelligence quotient, verbal expression and comprehension, attention, verbal memory, visual-motor coordination, executive function (e.g., working memory, cognition inhibition, motor inhibition, abstract reasoning), processing speed) and behavioral problems mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications, RF, Bluetooth, DECT, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, TV broadcast (VHF/UHF), FM broadcast (UKW), AM radio transmitters, SW broadcast (KW), DVB-T, radar, wireless transmitter/antenna, intermediate frequency, residential
Eger H et al. 2009 preliminary study men, women, children, ≥ 10 years 2000 - 2007 Germany brain tumor, thyroid cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian carcinoma, melanoma, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer mobile communications, mobile phone base station, residential
Preece AW et al. 2007 survey men, women, children 2001 Cyprus all cancer, all childhood cancer, reproductive history, sex ratio, congenital abnormalities, specific illnesses such as diabetes, migraine; childhood illnesses, mortality, general health, risk perception RF, residential
Guxens M et al. 2016 cohort study children, 5–6 years 2003 - 2010 The Netherlands cognitive function: speed of information processing, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and visuomotor coordination mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, mobile communications, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, residential, personal
Guxens M et al. 2019 cross-sectional study children, 5 years 2003 - 2010 The Netherlands emotional and behavioural problems mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, also other exposures without EMF
Guxens M et al. 2013 cohort study children, ≥ 5 years 2003 - 2011 The Netherlands behavior problems mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, cordless phone, personal
Huss A et al. 2015 cohort study children, 6–8 years 2003 - 2011 The Netherlands sleep-onset delay, sleep duration, night wakening, parasomnia, daytime sleepiness mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, mobile communications, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, residential, personal
Yamazaki K et al. 2023 - children, 8–14 years 2003 - 2020 Japan conduct problems, hyperactivity, emotional symptoms, peer problems and prosocial behavior mobile communications, mobile phone base station, mobile phone, W-LAN/WiFi, Radio/TV transmitter, personal, residential
Ajmal A et al. 2024 cohort study children, 8–17 years 2003 - 2022 Japan behavioral problems mobile communications, mobile phone, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, residential
Abramson MJ et al. 2009 cross-sectional study children, 11–14 years 2005 - 2006 Australia cognitive function (signal detection, working memory, simple learning, associative learning, movement monitoring/estimation, Stroop test) mobile communications, digital mobile phone, personal