Study overviews

Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:

Epidemiological studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on children

342 studies in total
  1. Leukemia
    136 studies
  2. Other health effects
    91 studies
  3. Pregnancy outcomes
    89 studies
  4. Brain/CNS tumor
    68 studies
  5. Other types of cancer
    32 studies
  6. Lymphoma
    21 studies
  7. Cancer (unspecified)
    19 studies

Other health effects

91 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    71 studies
  2. Low frequency
    32 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    one study

Low frequency 32 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Authors Year Study type Study group Observation period Study location Endpoints Parameters
Li DK et al. 2011 cohort study, prospective cohort study children, children in utero, 0–13 years 1996 - August 2010 USA asthma magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, residential, personal
Li DK et al. 2012 cohort study children, children in utero, 0–13 years 1996 - August 2010 USA childhood obesity magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, residential, personal
Li DK et al. 2020 cohort study men, women, children, children in utero, 0–20 years 1997 - 2017 USA attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), immun-related comorbidities of asthma or atopic dermatitis magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, intermediate frequency, power transmission line, other domestic appliance, low frequency, personal, residential
Kok RD et al. 2004 - children, children in utero, newborns, 0–9 years 1998 - 2000 The Netherlands birth weight, gestational age at birth, type of delivery, and arterial pH at birth, neurological evaluation (functioning of eyes and ears), gross and fine motor functioning, social development and communication static magnetic field, MRI
Holland SK et al. 2014 cohort study children, 5–18 years 2000 - 2002 USA safety of MRI MRI
Calvente I et al. 2016 cohort study children, 9–11 years 2000 - 2002, follow-up 2011 - 2012 Spain neuropsychological functions (intelligence quotient, verbal expression and comprehension, attention, verbal memory, visual-motor coordination, executive function (e.g., working memory, cognition inhibition, motor inhibition, abstract reasoning), processing speed) and behavioral problems mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications, RF, Bluetooth, DECT, cordless phone, W-LAN/WiFi, TV broadcast (VHF/UHF), FM broadcast (UKW), AM radio transmitters, SW broadcast (KW), DVB-T, radar, wireless transmitter/antenna, intermediate frequency, residential
Chartier AL et al. 2019 case-control study women, children in utero, newborns 2008 - 2015 USA birth weight, hearing impairment MRI
Su XJ et al. 2014 cross-sectional study women, children in utero, 18–35 years 2009 - 2010 China embryonic development: length, width, and height of the embryonic sac and the length of the embryonic bud, apoptosis in decidua magnetic field, intermediate frequency, 50/60 Hz, personal
Kücer N et al. 2014 survey men, women, children, 9–80 years 2011 Turkey headache, vertigo/dizziness, fatigue, forgetfulness, insomnia, tension-anxiety, joint and bone pain, lacrimation of the eyes, hearing loss and tinnitus, insomnia mobile phone, mobile communications, personal
Huang J et al. 2013 cross-sectional study children, 9–13 years 2011 China neurobehavioral function electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential