Magnetic fields: how is plant growth and development impacted? review

Endpoint

• effects on plants (germination, growth, development, yield, and possible mechanisms of action)

Exposure

• • 0 Hz–10 kHz
  • 16 2/3 Hz (train)
  • 50/60 Hz
  • magnetic field
  • static magnetic field
  • geomagnetic field
  • low frequency
  • intermediate frequency
• • signals/pulses
• • shielding/field deprivation