Brain and spinal stimulation therapies for phantom limb pain: a systematic review review

Endpoint

• treatment/therapy: application of various stimulation therapies (e.g. deep brain stimulation, TMS, tDCS) for treatment of phantom limb pain

Exposure

• • DC
  • magnetic field
• • signals/pulses
  • electric current application
  • tDCS
  • therapeutic/medical device
  • electrotherapy
  • TMS (transcranial stimulation)