Electromagnetic interference and implanted cardiac devices: the nonmedical environment (part I) review

Endpoint

• implants/medical devices: electromagnetic interference in nonmedical environment on pacemakers and implanted cardioverter defibrillators

Exposure

• • static magnetic field
  • intermediate frequency
  • microwaves
• • metal detector gate
  • other domestic appliance
  • EAS/RFID
  • mobile communications
  • analog mobile phone
  • digital mobile phone
  • GSM
  • UMTS
  • electroshock weapon/TASER
• • occupational
  • personal