To study whether adolescents and/or the elderly are more sensitive to mobile phone-related bioeffects than young adults, and to determine this for both 2nd generation (2G) GSM, and 3rd generation (3G) W-CDMA exposures.
41 adolescents (13-15 years), 42 adults (19-40 years), and 20 elderly (55-70 years) were tested. Each participant received sham exposure, 2G and 3G exposures, separated by at least four days.
Exposure | Parameters |
---|---|
Exposure 1:
894.6 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
Exposure duration:
continuous for 55 min
|
|
Exposure 2:
1,900 MHz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 55 min
|
|
During all experiments 50 dB white noise was produced to have a constant noise level.
Frequency | 894.6 MHz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 55 min |
Additional info | 2G mobile phone |
Modulation type | pulsed |
---|---|
Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
Exposure source |
|
---|---|
Chamber | sound-attenuated and metal-shielded room |
Setup | 2G handset was placed in a craddle on one side of the head and the 3 G handset on the other side, both in "touch" position; speaker was removed from the phone |
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Frequency | 1,900 MHz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 55 min |
Additional info | 3G mobile phone |
Exposure source |
|
---|---|
Chamber | sound-attenuated and metal-shielded room |
Setup | 2G handset was placed in a craddle on one side of the head and the 3 G handset on the other side, both in "touch" position; speaker was removed from the phone; metalic handset with shape and size of a typical mobile phone handset; monopole antenna inside the handset fed by an external RF source suppling a W-CDMA signal |
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
electric field strength | 30 mV/m | maximum | measured | - | at the subject's head |
power | 125 mW | average over time | - | - | - |
SAR | 1.7 W/kg | peak value | measured and calculated | 10 g | - |
The data showed that the young adults' alpha wave activity was greater in the 2G exposure compared to sham exposure. However, no effect was found in the adolescent or the elderly groups, and no effect of 3G exposures was found in any group. The data provide further support for an effect of 2G exposures on resting alpha wave activity in young adults, but fail to support a similar enhancement in adolescents or the elderly, or in any age group as a function of 3G exposure.
In conclusion, the data suggest that adolescents may not represent a more sensitive population in terms of mobile phone alpha wave effects, and that the effect on alpha wave may be restricted to 2G cell phones.
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